Volume 40 Issue 7
Jul.  2021
Turn off MathJax
Article Contents
Yan Li, Fangli Qiao, Hongyu Ma, Qiuli Shao, Zhixin Zhang, Guansuo Wang. The mechanism of the banded structure of drifting macroalgae in the Yellow Sea[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2021, 40(7): 31-41. doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1771-9
Citation: Yan Li, Fangli Qiao, Hongyu Ma, Qiuli Shao, Zhixin Zhang, Guansuo Wang. The mechanism of the banded structure of drifting macroalgae in the Yellow Sea[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2021, 40(7): 31-41. doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1771-9

The mechanism of the banded structure of drifting macroalgae in the Yellow Sea

doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1771-9
Funds:  The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. 41821004; the National Program on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction under contract No. GASI-IPOVAI-05.
More Information
  • Corresponding author: Email: qiaofl@fio.org.cn
  • Received Date: 2020-09-14
  • Accepted Date: 2020-11-04
  • Rev Recd Date: 2020-11-04
  • Available Online: 2021-07-01
  • Publish Date: 2021-07-25
  • At the end of May 2008, a massive bloom of macroalgae occurred in the western Yellow Sea off China and lasted for nearly two months, and annual blooms have occurred since then on. During bloom period, the surface-drifting macroalgae have showed an interesting pattern dominated by a banded structure, and the distance between neighboring bands ranged from hundreds of meters to about 6 km with a peak at 1–1.5 km, which is an order of higher than the scale of Langmuir circulation of 50–100 m. In order to explain this new phenomenon, ocean current data obtained from a Doppler current profiler off Qingdao was used to implement stability analysis. By numerically solving the resulting differential Orr-Sommerfeld equation, the secondary circulation induced from the instability of the Emkan current was found to fit well with the observed spatial scale of the surface-drifting macroalgae’s banded structure. As the wind driven Emkan current exist universally in the global ocean, it is reasonable to conclude that the banded structure with kilometers distance between adjoining bands is ubiquitous. We found a new circulation in the upper ocean which is important for exchange of energy, materials and gas between the upper ocean and subsurface layer.
  • loading
  • [1]
    Brown R A. 1970. A secondary flow model for the planetary boundary layer. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 27(5): 742–757. doi: 10.1175/1520-0469(1970)027<0742:ASFMFT>2.0.CO;2
    [2]
    Dong Changming. 1997. Formation mechanism of modern tidal current sand ridges (in Chinese) [dissertation]. Qingdao: Institute of Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    [3]
    Feng Shizuo, Li Fengqi, Li Shaojing. 1999. An Introduction to Marine Science (in Chinese). Beijing: Higher Education Press, 161
    [4]
    Langmuir I. 1938. Surface motion of water induced by wind. Science, 87(2250): 119–123. doi: 10.1126/science.87.2250.119
    [5]
    Large W G, McWilliams J C, Doney S C. 1994. Oceanic vertical mixing: a review and a model with a nonlocal boundary layer parameterization. Reviews of Geophysics, 32: 363–403. doi: 10.1029/94RG01872
    [6]
    Leibovich S. 1983. The form and dynamics of Langmuir circulation. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 15: 391–427. doi: 10.1146/annurev.fl.15.010183.002135
    [7]
    Lilly D K. 1966. On the instability of Ekman boundary flow. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 23(5): 481–494. doi: 10.1175/1520-0469(1966)023<0481:OTIOEB>2.0.CO;2
    [8]
    Noh Y, Min H S, Raasch S. 2004. Large eddy simulation of the ocean mixed layer: The effects of wave breaking and Langmuir circulation. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 34(4): 720–735. doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(2004)034<0720:LESOTO>2.0.CO;2
    [9]
    Pollard R T. 1977. Observations and theories of Langmuir circulations and their role in near surface mixing. In: Angel M, ed. A Voyage of Discovery: George Deacon 70th Anniversary Volume. Oxford: Pergamon, 235–251
    [10]
    Qiao Fangli, Dai Dejun, Simpson J, et al. 2009. Banded structure of drifting macroalgae. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 58(12): 1792–1795. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.08.006
    [11]
    Qiao Fangli, Yuan Yeli, Deng Jia, et al. 2016. Wave turbulence interaction induced vertical mixing and its effects in ocean and climate models. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series A—Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 374(2065): 20150201. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2015.0201
    [12]
    Qiao Fangli, Yuan Yeli, Yang Yongzeng, et al. 2004. Wave-induced mixing in the upper ocean: distribution and application to a global ocean circulation model. Geophysical Research Letters, 31(11): L11303
    [13]
    Thorpe S A. 2004. Langmuir circulation. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 36: 55–79. doi: 10.1146/annurev.fluid.36.052203.071431
    [14]
    Thorpe S A. 2009. Spreading of floating particles by Langmuir circulation. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 58(12): 1787–1791. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.07.022
  • 加载中

Catalog

    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

    1. 本站搜索
    2. 百度学术搜索
    3. 万方数据库搜索
    4. CNKI搜索

    Figures(12)  / Tables(1)

    Article Metrics

    Article views (446) PDF downloads(11) Cited by()
    Proportional views
    Related

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return